Heritage and Cultural Tourism

In the current study, learning will focus on various factors that can provide better growth to heritage and cultural tourism within UK. It is one of the critical tasks to interpret various issues that a nation faces in the context of heritage and cultural resources. In this regard, Lhasa, Tibet is considered as a destination. In order to access the importance and purpose of museums in heritage and cultural tourism, the learning will focus on aspects of the British and Natural History Museum. Furthermore, it will also focus on various roles and responsibilities that authorities need to consider for effectively developing heritage and cultural tourism.

TASK 1

1.1 Growth and Development of the Heritage and Cultural Industry in UK

As per the structured study, it has been spotted that the tourism sector plays a key role in developing UK economic system. In another aspect, it can be said that the growth and development of heritage and cultural aspects in the UK also boosts the opportunity for the travel and tourism sector in the UK. With the assistance of heritage and cultural tourism activities, the government of the UK can easily flourish the economic and social aspects in an effective manner (Ashworth, 2013). It is also beneficial in attracting more and more customers towards destinations in the UK and increasing opportunities for this sector. In the past few years, tour and travel agents have also expanded their business to support the work culture of the tourism sector. These kinds of developments in destinations with concern for heritage and cultural aspects are beneficial for developing the tourism sector (Barney, 2010).

Moreover, it has also been spotted that the United Kingdom government is focusing on the continuous development of various destinations that can boost heritage and cultural aspects in order to attract more and more visitors. In support of this, it has also been identified that the government is also expecting a hike in the GDP rate of the UK of these kinds of developments (Dahles, 2013). The travel and tourism sector of the UK also provides job opportunities to various citizens in the UK so that the development of heritage and cultural tourism can be taken into account in an appropriate manner. Further, it can be said that UNESCO has made various types of efforts to develop heritage and cultural aspects effectively within the UK. UNESCO is considered one of the specialised authorities that has various efforts to promote heritage and cultural destinations (Hudson, 2010). Authority is also participating in heritage and cultural development with the assistance of various programs such as Education, Natural Sciences, Social and Human Sciences, Culture, and Communication.

Other than this, it can also be said that the government of the UK is also focusing on effective enforcement of heritage and cultural aspects within the UK to amend economic circumstances. However, effective development of heritage and cultural aspects within the nation is also beneficial for improving overall tourism activities (Vargas-Hernández, 2012). Nowadays service users of the travel and tourism sector are focusing on activities that provide detailed exploration in the context of monuments, natural heritage, historic buildings, and museums. This also indicates that it is necessary for travel and tourism organisations to focus on operations that provide better protection to heritage destinations. Moreover, it is also essential for the government of the UK to focus on activities that can promote heritage and cultural aspects and create awareness among visitors (Allen, 2010). It will also boost the effectiveness of development actions and provide assistance in the accomplishment of goals. Local authorities also need to provide assistance to the travel and tourism sector in order to protect heritage and cultural destinations as it will generate better profit for the travel and tourism sector. Improvement in the profit margin ratio of the tourism sector is also advantageous for effective development in the UK economic system (Walter De Gruyter. Grimwade, 2000).

1.2 Potential Conflicts in the Conservation of Heritage and Cultural Resources in Lhasa, Tibet

It has been spotted that the development of heritage and cultural resources is one of the critical aspects and governance of Tibet can face various issues in this context. In this respect, it is necessary for the governing authority to focus on activities that can provide protection to heritage and cultural resources as it will boost opportunities for the travel and tourism sector in effective manner. Moreover, it is also one of the key issues for the tourism and travel sector to determine a new destination that covers heritage and cultural aspects (Samuel2006). In this respect, local authorities must focus on the development of various standards that can conserve heritage and cultural aspects in Lhasa, Tibet. Further, it can also be said that the development of heritage and cultural tourism can face issues in the context of diverse factors such as environment, seasonality, and capital.

It has been spotted that the development of heritage and cultural tourism requires a high ratio of investment so it is necessary for the governing authority of Tibet to ensure that they have properly allocated the capital so that development activities cannot be influenced (Uzama, 2009). In this respect, it has also been identified that the existing heritage and cultural destinations also require a high ratio of maintenance cost so it is hard for the government of Tibet to have a high investment ratio in this context. For example, a heritage site in Tibet requires skilled employees so that heritage destinations can be maintained in a proper manner but these kinds of activities also demand high investment in order to fulfill salary aspects. However, the economic system is not so positive so it may be hard for the government of Tibet to arrange a high ratio of investment (Mehmetoglu, 2013). Other than this, environmental issues are also one of the critical aspects that impact the overall development of heritage and cultural aspects within Tibet. Tibet also consists of various flora and fauna but the changes in environmental aspects also negatively affect the tourist destinations. It also has a negative influence on the perception of travellers which is not advantageous for the travel and tourism sector.

In support of the above statement, it can be said that properly conserving the heritage and cultural sites is one of the key issues for the Tibetan government. It is necessary for tourism sector and government authorities to work in a collective manner so that better protection can be provided to high altitude treks, fabulous monasteries, and unique intangible cultures. The tourism and travel sector also face various issues in the development of tourism due to improper accommodation services in Tibet (Pesonen, 2013). In this respect, it is necessary for government of Tibet to focus on the effective development of luxury hotels in Lhasa so that guests can attain better convenience and comfort factor. The development plans must consist of luxury hotels but a high ratio of investment will be again a major issue for growth and development activities. In this respect, the government can focus on strategic alliances with diverse nations or international hotel groups in order to overcome the conflict (Serre, 2012). Moreover, nonprofit organisation assistance can also be one of the key factors which can facilitate the government to overcome issues.

It has also been spotted that heritage and cultural destinations cannot be preserved without the assistance of local citizens. Most of the time, heritage and cultural destinations are harmed due to negligence of the local community towards locations. In this respect, it is also necessary for the government to focus on various campaigns that can reduce the negative impact on tourism activities and create better awareness among citizens regarding the conservation of heritage and cultural aspects (Crysta, 2011). Here, it is crucial for the local communities to develop and manage their activities so that the culture and heritage of the place can be conserved.

For example, the government of Tibet is investing an amount in developing luxury hotels so it is necessary for the project manager and other members that the hotel must be developed in such a manner that it will reflect the heritage and culture of Tibet (Kim, 2012). It will indicate that the government is focusing on protecting the natural heritage and culture that exists within the country. It will also facilitate the government in overcoming various issues.

Moreover, it has also been witnessed that political factors can also influence the development of heritage and cultural tourism activities. It has been identified that sometimes local political parties or organisations protest against the development of new sites near heritage and cultural destinations as it may impact the aspects of location (Michael, 2014). In this respect, it is necessary for government of Tibet to set some standards that can ensure heritage and cultural aspects in effective manner. In other words, it can be stated that the protest and opposition from political factors is also a key issue for the governance and it may influence the development activities of heritage and cultural tourism.

Other than this, the development of big hotel chains in Tibet may also face issues due to protests from local hotel organisations. For example, the government has signed an agreement with an international hotel chain to develop heritage theme-based hotels but local hotel organisations are protecting against this development as it will impact their business (Lane, 2007). In these circumstances, it is necessary for government of Tibet to focus on various alternative ways in order to avoid conflicts and conserve the natural and world heritage of Lhasa in effective manner. An improved level of focus on these kinds of activities is also beneficial for the effective development of tourism activities and attracts more and more customers to the destination.

TASK 2

2.1. Purpose of Heritage and Cultural Attractions within the Travel and Tourism Sector

In support of this, it can be said that heritage and cultural tourism development mainly focuses on the conservation of museums and other heritage sites. It is necessary for tourism sector and government authorities to focus on the effective development of museums and other heritage sites so that the diversified needs of customers can be accomplished in effective manner. In addition to this, a visit to the British Museum and Natural History Museum is advantageous for effective observation and analysis of individual needs that belong to different age groups (Samuel 2006). The key purpose behind heritage and cultural tourism activities is to create awareness among service users regarding ancient and historic sculptures. It also helps in providing better information about heritage and cultural aspects to the upcoming generation so that they can understand their past in optimistic manner. These kinds of activities are mostly famous among students, scientists, families, and the media (Ruggles, 2008). In another aspect, it can be said that the development of the British Museum and Natural History Museum is essential as it provides better conservation of various aspects that relate to the nation such as science, art, history, etc. Visit to these kinds of destinations is a great opportunity for people in order to acquire better knowledge regarding cultural and heritage aspects.

Other than this, a number of domestic and international tourists visit the British Museum and Natural History Museum as it is considered as finest attractions in the UK. In support of this, it can be said that travelers from different nations are more attracted to the United Kingdom historical aspects so visits to the British Museum and Natural History Museum help them to meet their needs in an effective manner. Moreover, the British Museum and Natural History Museum consist of various diagrams, pictures, etc that attract more and more visitors from diverse nations (Ottenbacher, 2009). This clearly indicates that the Heritage and Culture attractions play a key role in meeting the requirements of diverse tourism industry customers. British Museum and Natural History Museum also preserve various magnificent and unique collections that attract more and more customers to destinations. It provides an enhanced level of understanding regarding historical and cultural values which is beneficial for the advancement of the experience of travellers (Cultural Research and Intangible Heritage. 2009). These kinds of developments or heritage and cultural attractions indicate that by providing better values in the context of heritage and cultural values the travel and tourism sector can easily accomplish the diverse needs and demands of service users.

Other than this, it has also been identified that a number of specialised groups also visit the British Museum and Natural History Museum so that better information regarding historical aspects can be attained properly as it also facilitates in meeting their needs. It also helps them to understand key factors and accomplish research in a better way by considering cultural needs. In support of this, it has been spotted that the key attractions in the British Museum are the artwork of Rosetta Stone and Isabella Brant (Christou, 2005). It is a museum that covers a wide range of collections in the context of artifacts that also attracts visitors in diverse manner. On the other side, the Natural History Museum covers various research and teaching collections in the context of botany, mineralogy, and zoology.

TASK 3

3.1 Impact of Different Types of Ownership on the Management of Heritage and Cultural Sites

In order to have effective development of heritage and cultural tourism destinations, it is necessary for governance and tourism sector to understand the influence of different kinds of ownership on the management of heritage and cultural sites. In support of this, it can be said that ownership is classified as a private or collective right provided in order to accomplish diverse roles and duties over the property. Moreover, the British Museum and Natural History Museum are property under British territory and it is one of the key responsibilities of UK governance to maintain heritage and cultural aspects at destinations (McManus, 2014). It has also been spotted that museums play a significant role in the effective development of heritage and cultural sites so that more and more customers can be attracted to destinations. Both domestic and cultural tourism are attracted to these kinds of attractions.

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It has been spotted that UK governance has a great level of involvement in the operations and development of heritage and cultural sites. Without any assistance of UK governance, the board members of the British Museum and Natural History Museum can not make any kind of operational decision. In support of this, it can be said diverse private organisations are focusing on various operational activities of the British Museum and Natural History Museum by taking part in the decision-making process (Harvey, 2001). In this respect, it can be said that these kinds of activities by private organisations influence the work culture and management activities of heritage and cultural sites. This clearly indicates that the government and private ownership have a great influence on the operational activities of the British Museum and Natural History Museum.

In order to have effective management of activities at the British Museum and Natural History Museum the government of the UK has also elected a director for each organization who is accountable for performing activities as per the guidelines of the UK government. It means the director has great liability with respect to all activities and practices that are taken into account within the heritage and cultural sites (McManus, 2014). It is also necessary for the director and members of the board to present an annual report to the governance of the UK so that proper strategic decisions can be made for the effective development of heritage and cultural tourism. Furthermore, it has also been identified that the number of voluntary owners is also present in destinations in order to amend the effectiveness of destinations.

For example, various nonprofit organisations have made efforts to ensure that the heritage and cultural aspects of the British Museum and Natural History Museum are preserved in appropriate manner. In support of this, it can be said that these kinds of specialised conservation groups focus on activities that protect various sites in order to have effective development of heritage and cultural sites. Moreover, a number of government authorities have also been established in order to manage and protect heritage and cultural sites such as ICOMOS (Christou, 2005). These kinds of authorities focus on effective planning and strategic designs with respect to campaigns or advertisements. As per the above statements it can be said that the private, government, and collective ownerships impact the operations of the British Museum and Natural History Museum in diverse manner.

3.2 Analysing Roles and Responsibilities of Organisations in the Heritage and Cultural Industry

Heritage and cultural tourism activities can be developed by the effective accomplishment of diverse roles and responsibilities so it is necessary for tourism sector to understand diverse roles and responsibilities in effective manner. LAWHF is an authority that plays a key role in conservative activities in order to protect the UK heritage and cultural industry. It is one of the key responsibilities of authorities to have establishment of various innovative methods that can attract more and more visitors from all over the world to tourism activities at the British Museum and Natural History Museum (Ottenbacher, 2009). LAWHF is a local body that helps in maintaining heritage sites so that tourists can be attracted. It has been spotted these kinds of authorities play a key role in the effective maintenance of heritage and cultural sites in order to attract more and more service users.

Other than this, it is also necessary for travel and tourism organisations to focus on various activities that can promote heritage sites at the global level and generate enhanced income for the effective development of the UK economic system. In support of this, it can be said that the private and government authorities are not only accountable for the effective management and protection of the British Museum and Natural History Museum but they are also responsible for the overall development of the destination (Ruggles, 2008). Moreover, it is also one of responsibilities of authorities to have the effective application of diverse strategies in order to develop tourism activities and provide an enhanced level of conservation to heritage and cultural aspects of the destination. It is also necessary for the government to take various initiatives that can create better awareness among people in the context of & the British Museum and Natural History Museum so that they can feel attracted to the destination.

Furthermore, the Historical House Association is a governing body that plays a key role in diverse activities that can protect historical places. It also focuses on activities that can create awareness among travellers regarding heritage and cultural aspects which is advantageous for attracting more and more service users. The key motive of association is to balance and develop destinations that have some historical importance and amend the tourism sector working (Samuel 2006). Moreover, the governing body also efforts in the context of guidelines or directions in order to conserve diverse heritage and cultural sites. It also renders support to government authorities by offering suggestions and advice.

TASK 4

4.1 Methods and Media Used for Interpretation within the Heritage and Cultural Industry

In order to have effective development of heritage and cultural tourism activities it is necessary for travel and tourism sector to have use of various methods and media channels that can enhance its effectiveness. In another aspect, it can be said that the proper evaluation of diversified methods and media is essential for the better promotion of the British Museum and Natural History Museum. Government authorities must focus on mediums that can render significant information and knowledge to the public regarding heritage and cultural aspects available at the British Museum and Natural History Museum. In this, it is necessary for management of British museum and Natural History museum to identify the key needs of visitors (Lane, 2007). In this respect, the management and members can focus on feedback methods so that proper information about visitors' experiences can be gathered in appropriate manner.

In support of the above statement, it can be said that the management of the British Museum and Natural History Museum uses various methods to influence the perception of travellers in a positive manner. Classification of methods can be as audio, videotape, websites, and visitor appointment guides. These kinds of factors assist museums in rendering significant information regarding diverse factors that relate to the British Museum and Natural History Museum. These methods are also considered as a part of promotional activity which plays a key role in attracting more and more service users (Ruggles, 2008). Moreover, advertising with the assistance of books and brochures are also a significant method to communicate with visitors. Museums in London are using television as a source of medium through which they are making people aware of the rich culture and tradition of these tourist sites.

Other than this, in order to attract more and more visitors to the British Museum and Natural History Museum the authorities also focus on various sensory techniques. In this respect, it can be said that the audio-visual displays can be installed within premises to render significant information. With the assistance of technology, various effects and artifacts displays can be installed as it will also attract more and more visitors. The use of advanced technology such as social media transmission assists in attracting service users (Abankina, 2013). For example, various articles and pictures can be posted on social site in order to attract families and art lovers. Significant information can also be posted on the online portals in order to influence the perception of travellers positively. In support of this, it can also be said that the various personal and nonpersonal mediums are also effective in attracting customers towards several factors that are present in the British Museum and Natural History Museum.

Conclusion

As per the above study, it can be concluded that heritage and cultural factors play a key role in the effective development of the travel and tourism sector. It has been spotted that the development of heritage and cultural tourism requires a high ratio of investment so it is necessary for the governing authority of Tibet to ensure that they have a proper allocation of capital so that development activities can not be influenced. There are a number of methods and mediums that can be used by the governance of the UK to meet responsibilities and accomplish effective development of heritage and cultural tourism objectives.

References

• Allen, S. M., 2010. The History and Cultural Heritage of Chinese Calligraphy, Printing and Library Work.
• Ashworth, G., 2013. Building A New Heritage (RLE Tourism). Routledge.
• Barney, J., 2010. Gaining and Sustaining Competitive Advantage. 3 rd ed. Pearson Education.
• Lane, M., 2007. The Visitor Journey: the new road to success. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
• Mehmetoglu, M., 2013. The link between travel motives and activities in nature-based tourism. Tourism Review.

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